Hello friends, the 21st century is the century of technological change. Technologies are growing rapidly. In this article we have discuss about 5 technologies that are very rapidly growing in the world. There are many technologies that are growing rapidly and in this article we have discuss top 5 technologies of them, so let's get start.

Top 5 future technologies 

1. AI(Artificial intelligence) 

2. Human Augmentation 

3. Extended Reality

4. IoT(Internet of Things) 

5. Quantum computing

1. Artificial Intelligence 

AI is the short form of artificial intelligence. AI is the technology that is develop by humans that are programmed to think like humans and mimic their actions.

John McCarthy was a person who first used the word AI in 1995. He was an American computer scientist. He was also known as the father of AI(Artificial intelligence).

Machine learning is a part of AI, using machine learning create a programs that can solve problems itself and improve his ability to work independently.

In today AI was used in most of the fields like machines, computers, mobiles, hospitals, companies etc. 

Some of the examples of AI in everyday life 

• Google maps
• Google assistance, Alexa, siri
• Smart cars, drones etc.

2. Human Augmentation 

Human Augmentation is a field of research that aims to enhance human abilities throughout madicine or technology. 

The field of human Augmentation focuses on creating cognitive and physical improvements as an integral part of the human body. In simple Word human Augmentation is a technology that is used in medical field to enhance capabilities of humans.

In simple Word human Augmentation is "technology that enhance human productivity or capabilities or that somehow add to the human body.

Human Augmentation can be divided into three main categories with different functions :

• Replicating human ability 

• Supplementing human ability 

• Exceeding human ability

3. Extended Reality 

Extended reality combines AR(Augmented reality), VR(Virtual reality), and MR(Mixed reality).
Extended reality is the umbrella term that covers VR, AR, MR and everything in between. XR(extended reality) is the future of mobile computing.

4. IoT(Internet of Things)

In simple words Internet of Things reffers to the rapidly growing network of connected devices that are able to collect and exchange data with each other using embedded sensors. IoT is most in demand now days.

5. Quantum computing

Quantum computing is an area of computing, which focused on developing computer technology based on the principles of quantum theory.
Quantum computers use the properties of quantum physics to store data and perform computation. Quantum computers are able to solve specific complex problems more efficiently than on classical computers. 

 What is 5G?

5G is a fifth generation of mobile network. It is a new global wireless network standard after 1G,2G, 3G and 4G networks. 

5G speed 

5G peak download speed :2.5 GB/S(Gigabytes per seconds) 5G peak upload speed :1.25 GB/S(Gigabytes per seconds).

5G features 

5G will have greater bandwidth, giving higher download speed. It will give 10 (gigabits per seconds).

5G will give more speed than other mobile generations speed (1G,2G, 3G and 4G).

5G networks operate on up to three frequency bands - low, medium and high.

Low - band 5G uses a similar frequency range to 4G cellphones, 600-850 MHz, it gives little higher download speed than 4G = 30-250(megabits per second).

Low - bandwidth cell towers have a range and coverage area similar to 4G towers.

Mid - band 5G uses microwaves of 2.5-3.7 GHz, that allow speed of 100-900 mbit/s (megabits per second). Cell tower providing service up to several kilometer in radius.

High - band 5G uses frequencies of 25-39 GHz. It will provide near the bottom of the millimetres wave band. It provide service in small area to the bottom.

Frequency range 

The 5G spectrum is a range of radio frequencies in the sub-6 GHz range and the millimeter wave(mmwave) frequency range that is 24.25 GHz and above. 

In this knowledge base article we will focus on development and evaluation of wireless telephone technology along with benefits and inventor of mobile telecommunications.

Full forms and his inventor :-

1G - First Generation - Martin Cooper 

2G - Second Generation - Radiolinja

3G - Third Generation - Hitchinson telecommunications 

4G - Fourth Generation - TeliaSonera 

5G - Fifth Generation 

1G wireless telephone technology

1G refers to first generation of wireless telephone technology (mobile telecommunications). It is analog telecommunications standard that were introduced in 1979.it was used until 2G digital telecommunications introduced in the early to mid-1980s. 

The main difference between the two mobile telecommunications (1G-2G), is that the radio signals used by 1G network are analog while 2G network are digital. 

The first commercially automated cellular network was launched in Japan by Nippon Telegraph and Telephone(NTT).

1G was invented by Martin Cooper. 

Martin Cooper

Speed (data rates) :- 2.4 Kbps to 14.4 Kbps

Features :- voice only 

Advantage :- Simpler(less complex) network elements 

Disadvantage :- limited capacity, not secure, poor battery life, large phone size, background interface.

2G wireless telephone technology

2G (or 2-G) is short for second-generation cellular network. 2G wireless telephone technology were commercially launched on the GSM standard in Finland by Radiolinja (now part of Elisa Oyj) in 1991.

2G is invented for more easy and more speed than 1G. 2G has more features, speed, many more advantages than 1G.

The second generation (2G) of mobile telecommunications was launched under the GSM standard in Finland. 

Speed :- 14.4 Kbps

Features :- multiple users on single channel

Advantage :- multimedia features (SMS, MMS), internet access and SIM introduced.

Disadvantage :- Low network range, Slow data rates.

3G wireless telephone technology

3G (third generation) was launched by Hutchinson telecommunications in 2003.it is very powerful generation than 1G & 2G.it was more features, speed & advantages than others.

The third generation of wireless telephone technology (3G) was launched in Japan by Nippon Telegraph and Telephone (NTT) DoCoMo.

Speed :- 3.1 Mbps

Features :- multimedia features, Video call

Advantage :- High security, international roaming.

Disadvantage :- high power consumption, low network coverage, high cost

4G wireless telephone technology 

4G provides in addition to the usual voice and other services of 3G.4G can provide more speed. 4G mobile telecommunications is 10 times faster than 3G. It able to handle download speed between 5 to 12 Mbps(Megabits per seconds) and upload speeds between 2 to 5 Mbps. 

The fourth generation of wireless telephone technology (4G) was launched in Finland in 2009.

TeliaSonera was the first telecome operator in the world to launch 4G commercially. 

Speed :- 100 Mbps

Features :- High speed, real time streaming 

Advantage :- High speed, MIMO technology, Global mobility 

Disadvantage :- Hard to implement, complicated hardware required.

5G wireless telephone technology 

5G is currently not available in many countries, where South Korea launched it, this is the highest generation with others.

This generation of wireless telephone technology can be significantly faster than 4G, delevering upto 20 Gigabits-per-second (Gbps).

5G is designed to support 100x increase in traffic capacity and network efficiency. 5G has more capacity than 4G

Speed :- 20 Gbps

It can give 2.5 Gbps download speed and 1.25 Gbps upload speed.

 It is an Google product. Developer of Google meet is Google. 

Google meet is a video - communication service developed by Google.

It supports Android, iOS, World Wide Web platforms. 

In play store Google meet accross 100M+ downloads with 3.9 star.

Google Meet launches chromcast support.

Now video calling can be done on TV with the help of Google app. Google Meet now with chromcast support, users will be able to attend online classes on home TV.

With Chromcast support users will be able to attend meetings, video calls, online classes. The expiriance of video calling on the big screen will get better. TVs in the market have chromcast inbuilt. If your TV does not have chromcast feature then this feature of Google Meet is not for you.

Must have smartphone support.

With the help of Chromcast you can see the output of the smartphone on the TV. However you have to use a smartphone to use the camera and microphone. Google launched a group calling service in June in Google Meet and Google Duo.

How to use Google Meet chromcast.

• First open the Chrome browser or the Google Callender app. 
• Click on the plus icon in it. 
• Create an event and submit information. 
• You will receive a notification when you submit the meeting date and time. Now connect the 
• users with whom you want to make video calling. 
• You can connect a total of 250 users at once.
• Now open a meeting on the Meet app or Google Callender and select 'Cast this meeting'. 
• In the Cast tab, select the device you are using. 
• To switch to casting during a meeting, tap on the 3 dots menu below and select Cast this meeting.